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st
century
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child
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2016; 62(6):479-481
481
ical space in the contemporary world on the other. Vio-
lence and disorderly and chaotic urbanization, especially
in big cities, limit the physical environment of children,
confining them to enclosed spaces and limiting their open
air activities, which are so important in a phase of discov-
ery, growth, and development. It is necessary to seek al-
ternatives together with the family for these situations.
There has been a true revolution in the way we see
child growth and development as well as in the child’s
living environment, which has led to a new conception
of preventive pediatrics: caring for the growth and devel-
opment of human beings in an individualized manner
within a new social reality, aimed at producing healthy
and capable adults integrated into society.
Preventive pediatrics has expanded and deepened. It
had to be revised. It begins at conception and continues
until the end of adolescence. It is a period of human life
characterized by intense and dramatic transformations
that can lead to health or the risk of disease. Contempo-
rary pediatricians must understand that the health of
children and adolescents depends on the complex inter-
action between genetic makeup, the mother’s health and
mental condition, family habits, cultural norms and the
socioeconomic environment, and must promote compre-
hensive health care together with the family, aimed at
producing healthy adults that are able to make their own
choices. Nowadays, preventive pediatrics is formulated at
each consultation, and pediatricians must strengthen the
longitudinal relationship and promote an alliance based
on trust, in order to be able to access the reality of each
child and family, and thereby make decisions or support
those responsible for the best care for each child or ado-
lescent within their circumstances. There is no longer any
room for strict “hygiene” rules.
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